基于概率图模型的危险驾驶罪刑期预测

针对司法实践中对于可解释性及预测性能的需求, 本文提出了一种基于概率图模型的量刑智能辅助方法. 该方法以量刑要素为基石建立含有隐节点的概率图模型, 由极大似然准则估计刑期分布的参数, 进而计算分布的数学期望得到预测值. 关于危险驾驶罪的实验结果表明, 概率图模型的预测准确率优于基于决策树和神经网络等的模型, 且具有良好的可解释性.     

金具零部件表面防腐蚀试验研究

随着经济的持续高速增长，各行业用电需求增大。在加快特高压骨干电网建设的同时，提高现有电网的输电能力、输电质量成为重中之重。金具是海上换流站的重要组成部分，海洋环境的特殊性，对金具提出了更高的耐腐蚀性能要求。为了探究海洋环境对金具的腐蚀性，选用ZL101A和ZL102两种典型的铝合金金具，采用5种辅助防腐蚀工艺获得5种耐腐蚀样本，并模拟海上工况对其分别进行盐雾腐蚀试验，得出最优防腐蚀工艺。研究表明：ZL101A和ZL102两种铝合金具有一定的耐腐蚀性能，ZL101A铝合金的耐腐蚀性能强于ZL102铝合金的；抛丸处理的防腐措施在ZL101A铝合金样本中的防腐蚀表现要强于ZL102铝合金样本的；阳极氧化在两种材质中防腐蚀表现均为优异，是最优异的防腐蚀工艺。     

同城即时配送问题基于多预测场景的在线调度

同城即时配送是随现代电子商务而产生的新问题,该问题呈现出极强的动态性与求解时间的紧迫性,并具有商户与顾客一对多的关系、车辆需要多次往返商户取货、货物取送有时效要求等诸多新特征,无法依赖现有研究而求解.针对这一问题,建立了基于多预测场景的在线优化调度方法,将带有预测订单的多个场景整合到路线规划过程,通过每个场景的方案计算,以及多场景方案的整合,得到了车辆赖以运行的集成方案,提高了调度方案面对未来不确定需求的适应性;所建立的调度系统在新订单进入时立即响应,在系统闲置时则采用大邻域搜索技术不断优化未完成的任务方案.最后,在具有200～300个日订单的大连市某同城即时配送公司的真实数据上,验证了在线调度方法的有效性和可行性.     

Effect of heat treatment on microstructures and properties of a novel Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy for oil drilling

In view of the special requirements for strength, heat resistance and corrosion resistance of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy for oil drilling, the Al-6.2 Zn-2.5 Mg-1.6 Cu alloy was prepared by increasing Cu content on basis of Russian Series 1953 alloy. The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and properties of the alloy was characterized by optical microscope(OM), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM), and investigated by tensile test at room temperature, thermal exposure test and corrosion test. The results show that the strength after T6 aging treatment exhibit a decrease trend as an increase of the solution temperature from465 °C to 480 °C. After the solution treated by the rate of 470 °C/1 h, second phases dissolve into the matrix very well and the strength property reaches optimum. The alloy has better comprehensive properties treated by a solution treatment of 470 °C/1 h and then followed by an aging treatment of 120 °C/24 h + 170 °C/1 h + 120 °C/24 h. Under the aging state, the precipitated phases inside the grains are suitable in size, while on the grain boundary distribute discontinuously and the precipitate-free zone is obvious. Besides, the alloy still maintain high tensile properties. The yield strength, tensile strength and elongation are 650 MPa, 686 MPa,12.0%, respectively. The yield strength retention after heat exposure is 92%. The alloy has good corrosion resistance and the exfoliation corrosion degree. The average corrosion rate in the H_2S and CO_2 environment is 0.0024 mm/a, which is far less than the required 0.12 mm/a. It is insensitive to H_2S and CO_2 environments.     

基于退化特征相似性的航空发动机寿命预测

针对航空发动机结构复杂、性能退化参数众多、寿命预测精度低等问题,提出了一种基于退化特征相似性的寿命预测方法。首先通过基于Relief算法的退化特征筛选、基于主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)的特征提取和基于核函数的特征平滑,提取低维正交多变量退化特征;然后进行特征的相似性匹配,寻找与当前样本特征片段最相似的一组历史样本中的特征片段集合,将这些片段对应的RUL信息融合并采用密度加权方法得到当前样本的寿命预测估计值;最后通〖JP2〗过美国国家航空航天局(national aeronautics and space administration,NASA)提供的航空涡轮扇发动机仿真数据集验证了该方法的有效性,其寿命预测性能高于现有几种代表性方法。     

The total cost of misclassification in credit scoring: A comparison of generalized linear models and generalized additive models

This study examines whether the evaluation of a bankruptcy prediction model should take into account the total cost of misclassification. For this purpose, we introduce and apply a validity measure in credit scoring that is based on the total cost of misclassification. Specifically, we use comprehensive data from the annual financial statements of a sample of German companies and analyze the total cost of misclassification by comparing a generalized linear model and a generalized additive model with regard to their ability to predict a company's probability of default. On the basis of these data, the validity measure we introduce shows that, compared to generalized linear models, generalized additive models can reduce substantially the extent of misclassification and the total cost that this entails. The validity measure we introduce is informative and justifies the argument that generalized additive models should be preferred, although such models are more complex than generalized linear models. We conclude that to balance a model's validity and complexity, it is necessary to take into account the total cost of misclassification.     

Superior corrosion resistance-dependent laser energy density in(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 high entropy alloy coating fabricated by laser cladding

(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 high entropy alloy(HEA)coatings were successfully fabricated on a substrate of Q235 steel by laser cladding technology.These(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coatings possess excellent properties,particularly corrosion resistance,which is clearly superior to that of some typical bulk HEA and common engineering alloys.In order to obtain appropriate laser cladding preparation process parameters,the effects of laser energy density on the microstructure,microhardness,and corrosion resistance of(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coating were closely studied.Results showed that as the laser energy density increases,precipitation of the Laves phase in(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coating gradually decreases,and diffusion of the Fe element in the substrate intensifies,affecting the integrity of the(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA.This decreases the microhardness of(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coatings.Moreover,the relative content of Cr2O3,Cr(OH)3,and Nb2O5 in the surface passive film of the coating decreases with increasing energy density,causing corrosion resistance to decrease.This study demonstrates the controllability of a high-performance HEA coating using laser cladding technology,which has significance for the laser cladding preparation of other CoCrFeNi-system HEA coatings.     

原位生成NbC增强YCF102熔覆层热力学与耐磨性研究

熔覆层性能难以满足特定的工艺要求，已成为限制激光熔覆发展的关键因素之一.鉴于此，在45号钢基体上制备出原位生成NbC增强YCF102熔覆层，并进行了热力学分析.通过XRD，SEM和EDS对其微观形貌及组成成分进行了分析，对其显微硬度及耐磨性进行了研究.结果表明:激光功率的改变对激光熔覆过程中原位反应的反应程度有显著影响，过大或者过小的激光功率均会对原位反应的发生起到抑制作用;YCF102熔覆层中原位生成的NbC颗粒的主要形态为四边形和花瓣形;当激光功率为525W时，原位生成NbC增强YCF102熔覆层具有较高的显微硬度及良好的耐磨性.     

枯草芽孢杆菌XF-1的碳水化合物活性酶类(CAZymes)蛋白预测与遗传关系分析

枯草芽孢杆菌XF-1对多种植物病原菌具有较好的抑制作用,是农业生产上非常重要的生防菌之一.碳水化合物活性酶类蛋白(CAZymes)作为植物病原真菌、细菌中重要的蛋白,在其生长和发育过程中发挥着重要作用.基于前期获得的枯草芽孢杆菌XF-1中104个分泌蛋白基本序列信息,利用CAT预测程序对该菌中的CAZymes蛋白进行预测分析,明确其含有CAZymes蛋白的数量是58个,上述蛋白可以分为主要类别和复合类别两大类,前者包括26个GHs、21个CBMs以及2个CEs、3个PLs、2个GTs;后者则包括4个复合蛋白类型GH/CBM.该研究有效地实现了枯草芽孢杆菌XF-1中CAZymes的预测,为进一步开展其功能研究打下坚实的理论基础.     

基于混合流量预测的虚拟网络拓扑重构方法

目前在构建虚拟网络时, 为满足用户动态变化的带宽需求, 虚拟网络控制平台通常把虚拟链路带宽设置为流量最大值, 一定程度上造成了资源浪费。针对这一问题, 提出一种基于混合流量预测的虚拟网络拓扑重构方法, 利用基于参数优化选择的混合流量预测算法对下一周期的网络流量进行预测, 根据流量预测结果进行拓扑重构, 在避免出现乒乓效应的同时节省更多带宽资源。为了提高流量预测算法的精度与效率, 首先采用小波分解方法将流量数据分解为高频的细节时间序列和低频的近似时间序列, 然后利用基于粒子群优化的相空间重构方法, 对该时间序列进行特征提取构建训练样本。之后分别采用混沌模型对细节时间序列进行训练预测, 采用极限学习机(extreme learning machine, ELM)神经网络对近似时间序列进行训练预测。仿真结果表明, 所提的流量预测算法在保证预测精度的同时, 运行时间更短, 预测效率更高, 进而保证了拓扑重构方法可以节省更多的带宽资源。